Advanced Applied Geology

Advanced Applied Geology

Geochemistry, tectonomagmatic setting of the Baba-Ali and Galali deposits, Sanandaj-Sirjan zone, Hamedan, Iran

Authors
1 Department of Advanced Materials and New Technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Geology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
Abstract
Baba-Ali and Galali deposits are located in 30 and 60 Km northwest of Hamedan in northwest part of the Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (SSZ). The host rocks of these deposits are metavolcano-sedimentary successions of Songhor series in Permo-Triassic age. The host rocks in the area are felsic to intermediate metavolcanic rocks, more than lava and rhyolitic tuffs with interculations of carbonate and metatuff-sandstones. Field observations petrography, and geochemistry show that emplacement of plutons rock units with composition of gabbro, gabbrodiorite, monzodiorite, quartzmonzonite, granodiorite, and granite in these successions caused deformation and metamorphism of ore and host rocks. The results of the different diagrams show that the basic to intermediate samples are in the magnesian range and are similar to the type I Cordilleran arc granitoids. The granite and granodiorite samples are in the ferron range and the quartz monzonite samples are in the ferron - magnesian border. These features indicate that they belong to post-orogenic or late orogenic A-type granitoids. Baba-Ali and Galali volcanic rocks affected by hydrothermal fluids and have been altered. The most important alteration zone is skarn. Fe-Cu mineralization form influence of hydrothermal fluid action that they move in faults. The textures and structures of mineralization are open space filling, disseminated, vein-veinlet and replacement. The stratigraphic setting of ore horizons, geometry of orebodies, ore structures and textures in different scales, and paragenetic sequence of minerals all indicate the genetic relationship between orebody and metamorphosed igneous-sedimentary rocks in the region.
Keywords
Subjects

Adelpour, M., Rasa, I., Masoudi, F., Hoseini, M. 2015. Petrography, geochemistry, mineralogarphy, and tectonomagmatic setting of Garmab copper deposit, Qaen (South Khorasan). Earth science research, 24, 54-78. https://esrj.sbu.ac.ir/article_95771.html
Aliani, F., Dadfar, S. and Maanijou, M., 2015. Detection of alteration zones of Haji Abad iron deposit with (SWIR+VNIR) data of ASTER sensor. Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences 24,73-80. 20.1001.1.10237429.1393.24.94.50.0
Aliani, F., Maanijou, M. and Miri, M., 2012. Petrology of the Tekyeh-Bala area granite veins (northeast of Sonqor), some evidence for A2-type granitoids. Petrological Journal 3, 1-16. https://ijp.ui.ac.ir/article_16091_en.html?lang=en
Amiri, M. Petrography of the Almouglagh. Unpublished Ph D thesis, University of Tarbit-e-Moalem (Tehran). 1995:231.
Amiri, M., Khalaji, A.A., Tahmasbi, Z., Sahamieh, R.Z., Zamanian, H., 2017. Geothermobarometry of quartz crystals in the intrusive bodies of Almogholagh Batholith, (Hamedan). International Journal of Academic Research 3, 11-21.
Amiri, M., Khalaji, A.A., Tahmasbi, Z., Santos, J.F., Sahamieh, R.Z. and Zamanian, H., 2017. Geochemistry, petrogenesis, and tectonic setting of the Almogholagh batholith in the Sanandaj–Sirjan zone, western Iran. Journal of African Earth Sciences 134, 113-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2017.06.018
Barati, M., 2012. Mineralogical, geochemistry and sulphur isotopes studies in Galali orebody, western Iran. Iranian Journal crystallography and mineralogy 20, 215-228. https://ijcm.ir/article-1-375-en.pdf
Bayat, F., Torabi, G., 2015. Petrology of blueschist and meta-greywacke along the Turkmeni-Ordib fault (Turkmeni area, SE of Anarak). Journal of Economic Geology 7, 225-241. 10.22067/econg.v7i2.29877
Bonin, B., 2007. A-type granites and related rocks: evolution of a concept, problems and prospects. Lithos 97, 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2006.12.007
Boynton, W.V., 1984. Cosmochemistry of the rare earth elements: meteorite studies. In Developments in geochemistry 2, 63-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-42148-7.50008-3
Chappell, B.W., 1992. I-and S-type granits in the Lachlan Fold Belt. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 87, 159-170. https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1573387449763402624
Darvishzadeh, A. Geology of Iran. Nashre Danesh, Tehran, Iran. 1992:901.
De la Roche, H.D., Leterrier, J.T., Grandclaude, P., Marchal, M., 1980. A classification of volcanic and plutonic rocks using R1R2-diagram and major-element analyses-its relationships with current nomenclature. Chemical geology 29, 183-210. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(80)90020-0
Eby, G.N., 1992. Chemical subdivision of the A-type granitoids: petrogenetic and tectonic implications. Geology 20, 641-644. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613
Frost, B.R., Frost, C.D., 2008. A geochemical classification for feldspathic igneous rocks. Journal of Petrology 49, 1955-1969. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egn054
Frost, B.R., Barnes, C.G., Collins, W.J., Arculus, R.J., Ellis, D.J., Frost, C.D., 2001. A geochemical classification for granitic rocks. Journal of Petrology 42, 2033-2048. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/42.11.2033
Gorton, M.P., Schandl, E.S., 2000. From continents to island arcs: a geochemical index of tectonic setting for arc-related and within-plate felsic to intermediate volcanic rocks. The Canadian Mineralogist 38, 1065-1073. https://doi.org/10.2113/gscanmin.38.5.1065
Gourabjeri Puor, A., Mobasheri, M., 2016. Compiling data from geological, mineralogical and geophysical (IP/RS) studies on Mahour Deposit, Northwest of Deh-salm, Lut Block. Journal of Economic Geology 7, 307-325. 10.22067/econg.v7i2.34450
Harris, N.B., Pearce, J.A., Tindle, A.G., 1986. Geochemical characteristics of collision-zone magmatism. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 19, 67-81. https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1986.019.01.04
Hosseini, B., Ahmadi, A.R., 2016. Geochemistry and U-Pb dating of North Saman granitoid rocks. Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences 25, 109-120. 20.1001.1.10237429.1395.25.100.10.3
Irvine, T.N., Baragar, W.R.A.F., 1971. A guide to the chemical classification of the common volcanic rocks. Canadian journal of earth sciences 8, 523-548. https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/abs/10.1139/e71-055
Küster, D., Harms, U., 1998. Post-collisional potassic granitoids from the southern and northwestern parts of the Late Neoproterozoic East African Orogen: a review. Lithos 45, 177-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-4937(98)00031-0
Maanijou, M., Aliani, F., Miri, M. and Lentz, D.R., 2013. Geochemistry and petrology of igneous assemblage in the south of Qorveh area, west Iran. Geochemistry 73, 181-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.chemer.2013.04.001
Maanijou, M., Salemi, R., 2014. Mineralogy, chemistry of magnetite and genesis of Korkora-1 iron deposit, east of Takab, NW Iran. Journal of Economic Geology 6, 355-374. 10.22067/econg.v6i2.22650
Mohajjel, M., Izadi Kian, L., 2008. Poly-deformed Tectonites in Dome Structure of the Almabolagh Region, West of Hamadan. Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences 17, 116-133. https://www.gsjournal.ir/article_57652_7f452dd7741782adefd0ccafb954ec41.pdf?lang=en
Morata, D., Aguirre, L., 2003. Extensional Lower Cretaceous volcanism in the Coastal Range (29 20′–30 S), Chile: geochemistry and petrogenesis. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 16, 459-476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2003.06.001
Nabatian, G., Rastad, E., Neubauer, F., Honarmand, M., Ghaderi, M., 2015. Iron and Fe–Mn mineralisation in Iran: implications for Tethyan metallogeny. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 62, 211-241. https://doi.org/10.1080/08120099.2015.1002001
Parlak, O., Rızaoğlu, T., Bağcı, U., Karaoğlan, F., Höck, V., 2009. Tectonic significance of the geochemistry and petrology of ophiolites in southeast Anatolia, Turkey.Tectonophysics 473, 173–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2008.08.002
Pearce, J.A., 1983. Role of sub-continental lithosphere in magma genesis at active continental margins. In: Hawkesworth, C.J. and Nurry, M.L. (Eds.), Continental basalts and mantle xenoliths. Shiva, Nantwich, 105, 230-249. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/247434731
Pearce, J.A., Peate, D.W., 1995. Tectonic implications of the composition of volcanic arc magmas. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 23, 251-286. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ea.23.050195.001343
Pearce, J.A., Harris, N.B., Tindle, A.G., 1984. Trace element discrimination diagrams for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks. Journal of Petrology 25, 956-983. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/25.4.956
Peccerillo, A., Taylor, S.R., 1976. Geochemistry of Eocene calc-alkaline volcanic rocks from the Kastamonu area, northern Turkey. Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 58, 63-81. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/bf00384745
Poshtkohi, M., 2009. Polyphase metamorphism of pelitic rocks in the Hamedan Area, West Iran, based on petrographic evidence. Acta Geoscientica Sinica 30, 50-60. https://www.researchgate .net/profile/Monireh-
Rollinson, H., 1998. Using geochemical data: Evaluation, presentation, interpretation. Longman, Singapore, p. 384. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315845548
Rostami Paydar, G., Adelpour, M., 2023. Fluid inclusion and stable isotope study of the Baba-Ali and Galali deposits, northwest of Hamedan: Metamorphosed and deformed volcano-sedimentary type of mineralization in the northwest of the Sanandaj-Sirjan zone. Research in Earth Sciences 14(2), 123-142. 10.48308/esrj.2023.101329
Rostami Paydar, G., Lotfi, M., Ghaderi, M., Amiri, A., Vossoughi-Abedini, M., 2010. New results on mineralography and crystal chemistry of magnetite and pyrite at Baba-Ali & Galali iron deposits, west of Hamedan, Iran. Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences 20, 121-130. https://doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2010.55356
Saccani, E., 2015. A new method of discriminating different types of post-Archean ophiolitic basalts and their tectonic significance using Th-Nb and Ce-Dy-Yb systematics. Geoscience Frontiers 6, 481-501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2014.03.006
Shahbazi, H., Siebel, W., Ghorbani, M., Pourmoafee, M., Sepahi, A.A., Vousoughi-Abedini, M., Shang, C.K., 2015. The Almogholagh pluton, Sanandaj-Sirjan zone, Iran: geochemistry, U-(Th)-Pb titanite geochronology and implications for its tectonic evolution. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie–Abhandlungen. Journal of Mineralogy and Geochemistry 192, 85-99. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Hossein-Shahbazi-3/publication/331135482
Shand, S.J., 1943. Eruptive Rocks: Their Genesis, Composition, Classification, and Their Relation to Ore-deposits: Thomas Murby. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/geological-magazine
Shirmohammadi, M., Sepahi, A.A., Maanijou, M., Torkian, A., Miri, M.M., Tahmasebi, M., 2024. Mineralography, paragenesis sequence, and sulfur isotopic composition of Baba-Ali and Galali iron ore deposits from the Sanandaj-Sirjan zone, northwest Iran. Journal of Economic Geology 16, 1–24. (in Persian with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.22067/econg.2024.85829.1098
Torabi, G., 2011. Late Permian blueschist from Anarak ophiolite (Central Iran, Isfahan province), a mark of multi-suture closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. Revista mexicana de ciencias geológicas 28, 544-554. https://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1026-87742011000300015
Vahedi, L., Delavari, M., Dolati, A. 2016. Petrogenesis and tectonic position of Batman Batolith, southeast of Iran. Earth Sciences Kharazmi, 2, 133-156. http://gnf.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2551-en.html
Whalen, J.B., Currie, K.L., Chappell, B.W., 1987. A-type granites, geochemical characteristics, discrimination and petrogenesis. Contribution to Mineral and Petrology 95, 407–419. https://doi.org/10.1007/ BF00402202
Whitney, D.L., Evans, B.W., 2010. Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist 95 (1): 185-187. https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2010.3371
Wu, F.Y., Jahn, B.M., Wilde, S.A., Lo, C.H., Yui, T.F., Lin, Q., Ge, W.C. and Sun, D.Y., 2003. Highly fractionated I-type granites in NE China (I): geochronology and petrogenesis. Lithos 66, 241-273. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-4937(02)00222-0
Zamanian, H. and Asadollahi, B., 2013. Geochemistry and ore potential of the Almoughlagh batholith, western Iran. Geologos 19, 229-242. https://intapi.sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/logos-2013-0014
Zamanian, H., Radmard, K., 2016. Geochemistry of rare earth elements in the Baba-Ali magnetite skarn deposit, western Iran–a key to determine conditions of mineralisation. Geologos 22, 33-47. https://intapi.sciendo.com/pdf/10.1515/logos-2016-0003