الگوی پراکنش فلزات سنگین در رسوبات تالاب هورالعظیم واقع در غرب خوزستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد زمین شناسی زیست محیطی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 عضو هیات علمی گروه زمین شناسی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

3 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد هیدروژئولوژی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

ورود آلاینده‌ها به ویژه فلزات سنگین به زیست بوم‌ها به خصوص تالاب‌ها، سبب ایجاد نگرانی‌های زیادی در سطح جهان شده است. با هدف بررسی تغییرات عمقی و سطحی فلزات سنگین شامل؛ آرسنیک، سرب، روی، نیکل، وانادیوم و کروم ناشی از فعالیت پروژه های نفتی و تعیین میزان آلایندگی آنها در تالاب هورالعظیم در استان خوزستان، تعداد ۱۶ نمونه از ۸ ایستگاه (هر ایستگاه ۲ نمونه) در شعاع تقریبی ۵-۱۰ متری اطراف دکل‌های نفتی و با اعماق تقریبی ۳۰-۴۰ سانتی‌متری در محیط کاملاً غرقابی برداشته شدند. بر اساس میانگین شاخص فاکتور آلودگی (CF)،فلز آرسنیک دارای آلودگی کم و فلزات سرب، روی، نیکل، وانادیوم و کروم دارای آلودگی متوسط می‌باشند. بر اساس شاخص بار آلودگی (PLI)، ایستگاه‌هایSt1،St5 وSt6 دارای غلظت کم فلزات و یا فاقد آلودگی و ایستگاه‌هایSt2، St3، St4، St7 و St8 آلوده می‌باشند. ایستگاه‌هایSt1، St2، St5، St6، St7 و St8 بر اساس شاخص درجه آلودگی اصلاح یافته (mCd)، بدون آلودگی تا کمی آلودهو ایستگاه‌هایSt3 و St4 دارای آلودگی کم می‌باشند.در این پژوهش از نرم‌افزارSPSS23 جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل آماری داده‌ها استفاده گردید که همبستگی مثبت و بالایی بین فلزات نیکل، وانادیوم، سرب و روی وجود دارد. همبستگی بالا بین فلزات ممکن است نشان‌دهنده‌ی سطح آلودگی و منبع آلودگی مشابه برای این فلزات باشد. همچنین بر اساس آنالیز خوشه‌ای انجام ‌شده برای ایستگاه‌های موردمطالعه، مشاهده گردید که ایستگاه‌های (St3، St4 و St7) در یک خوشه و ایستگاه‌های (St1، St2، St5، St6 و St8) در خوشه دیگر قرار گرفتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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