رسوب شناسی و شناسایی عوامل غنی سازی عناصر سنگین در نهشته های کم عمق سواحل چابهار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه اقیانوس شناسی، دانشکده علوم دریایی، دانشگاه دریانوردی و علوم دریایی، چابهار، ایران

چکیده

آگاهی از دانه بندی رسوبات ساحلی نقش مهمی در انجام مطالعات مربوط به ساماندهی و تحلیل رفتار آبهای ساحلی ایفا می‌کند.  هدف از انجام این تحقیق شناسایی ویژگی‌های رسوبی و تعیین منشاء و شناسایی عوامل غنی‌سازی عناصر شیمیایی موجود در رسوبات کم‌عمق سواحل چابهار است. روش پژوهش در این مطالعه شامل مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای، عملیات میدانی، آزمایشگاهی، پردازشی و نتیجه‌گیری بوده است. آنالیزهای عنصری به روش ICP- OMS  و  ICP-OES  انجام شد. به منظور دستیابی به برآورد دقیق از توزیع اندازه ذرات، مراحل دانه‌سنجی، محاسبات آماری و ترسیم نمودارها با نرم افزار رسوب‌شناسی Sediment Size انجام شد. برای دسته‌بندی عناصر، محاسبات مربوط به ضریب همبستگی، نمودار خوشه‌ای و آزمون فاکتوری، از نرم افزار SPSS23 استفاده گردید. در این تحقیق 12 رخساره‌های رسوبی شامل دو گروه رخساره‌های ماسه‌ای و رخساره‌های گلی شناسایی شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهند که در منطقه مورد مطالعه، یک رژیم دو‌گانه رسوبگذاری حاکم می‌باشد به این معنی که در زمان بالا‌آمدن سطح آب دریا، رسوبگذاری کربنات‌ها رخ داده و رسوبگذاری تخریبی متوقف می‌شود و در زمان پایین رفتن سطح آب دریا و ورود ذرات تخریبی به حوضه رسوبی، رسوبگذاری کربناته متوقف شده و رسوبگذاری تخریبی صورت می‌گیرد. هم چنین ترتیب افزایش غلظت فلزات سنگین در رسوبات منطقه مورد مطالعه به صورتCd <Cu<Pb<Zn<Ni<Cr  می‌باشد. کروم، نیکل و سرب با میانگین غلظت‌های 9/96، 3/55 و 2/11  دارای بیشترین غلظت در رسوبات بودند. غنی‌سازی عناصر در رسوبات منطقه مورد مطالعه به چهار منشاء ژئوژنیکی (زمینی)، بیوشیمیایی، آنتروپوژنیک (زیست‌محیطی) و شیمیایی (نوع تبخیری) مربوط می باشند.

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