شبیه‌سازی و بهینه‌سازی چند‌منظوره تلفیقی آب سطحی و زیرزمینی بر اساس مکانیسم توسعه پاک و کاهش انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی منابع آب، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

توسعه آب محور کشورها مستلزم توجه به مقررات مکانیسم توسعه پاک (CDM) با مدیریت یکپارچه منابع آب (IWRM ) است. شبیه‌سازی مهمترین حوزه آبریز خاورمیانه با دارا بودن شش سد مخزنی با ظرفیت تجمعی نیروگاهی بیش از ده هزار و پانصد مگاوات در این تحقیق مورد نظر بوده است. شبیه‌سازی آب زیرزمینی و سطحی جداگانه با دو مدل MODFLOW و WEAP و کوپل کردن آنها با فایل لینکی انجام گردید. فرایند بهینه‌سازی تابع چندهدفه شامل تامین حداکثری مصارف و انرژی برقابی و حداقل نمودن افت آبخوان‌ها با استفاده از تکنیک الگوریتم ژنتیکNSGA-II انجام شد. در این راستا تمامی مولفه‌های سیستمی و سیاستی اثرگذار بر سامانه تلفیقی منابع آب ارزیابی گردید. این مولفه‌ها شامل انتقال آب بین‌حوضه‌ای، افزایش مصارف، استفاده تلفیقی منابع آب و تغییر راندمان شبکه‌های آبیاری و اثر کم آبی بودند که در قالب سناریوهایی مقایسه گردیدند. بر اساس نتایج مدل، انتقال آب بین حوضه‌ای با سناریو افزایش 5/1 میلیارد مترمکعب باعث کاهش حدود 10 درصد از میانگین سالانه‌ تولید انرژی برقابی در حوضه می‌شود. در نهایت مدل بهترین سناریو در دستیابی به اهداف CDM را ارائه داد.

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