بررسی رخساره ها، محیط رسوبی و چینه شناسی توالی تبخیری - کربناته قاعده آسماری در تاقدیسهای بنگستان، پوتو و میدان پارسی ، حوضه ی رسوبی زاگرس، جنوب باختری ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زمین شناسی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران

2 مناطق نفتخیز جنوب، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

سازند آسماری اولین سنگ مخزن کربناته شناخته شده در دنیا و بزرگ ترین سنگ مخزن نفت در حوضه رسوبی زاگرس می باشد.این سازند در ناحیه فرو افتادگی دزفول و ایذه گسترش چشمگیری دارد. در این مطالعه تمرکز اصلی بر روی جایگاه چینه شناسی بخش انیدریت قاعده ای سازند آسماری بوده است، لذا در سه برش چینه شناسی (برش سطح الارضی کوه پوتو و کوه بنگستان و همچنین برش تحت الارضی چاه 19 پارسی) اقدام به مطالعه و بررسی وضعیت این توالی گردیده است. این برش ها بر مبنای توصیف صحرایی و تغییر سنگ شناسی، از قدیم به جدید تقسیم بندی شده اند. با توجه به شباهت این واحدهای سنگی، چه از نظر مکانی و چه زمانی، در منطقه مورد مطالعه، به اختصار ویژه گی های رخساره ای و میحطی آنها از قدیم به جدید پرداخته شده است. گذر از توالی مارنهای سبز و سنگ آهک دولومیتی متشکل از رخساره های مارنی مربوط به محیط دریایی نسبتا عمیق، آرام و کم انرژی ، به سمت توالی آهک های متوسط لایه رخساره پکستون-گرینستون اائید و فاورینا دار نشان دهنده کم عمق شدن حوضه رسوبی بخش های انتهایی سازند پابده به سمت قاعده سازند آسماری است که در نهایت با تشکیل رخساره استروماتولیت صفحه ای همراه بوده است

کلیدواژه‌ها


Abreu, V.S., Anderson, J.B., 1998. Glacial eustasy during the Cenozoic; sequence stratigraphic implications. AAPG Bulletin 82(7), 1385-1400.
Abreu, V.S., Haddad, G.A., 1998. Glacioeustatic variations: the mechanism linking stable isotope events and sequence stratigraphy from the early Oligocene to Middle Miocene. SEPM Special Publication 60, 245–260.
Adams, T.D., 1969. The Asmari Formation of Lurestan and Khuzestan provinces. Iranian Oil Operating Companies, Geological and Exploration Division, Report, 1154p.
Buxton, M.W.N., Pedley, H.M., 1989. A standardized model for Tethyan Tertiary carbonate ramps. Journal of the Geological Society 146, 746–748.
Cornee, J.J., Moissette, P., Martin, J.P.S., Kazmer, M., Toth, E.K., Gorog, A., Dulai, A., Muller, P., 2009. Marine carbonate systems in the Sarmatian (Middle Miocene) of the Central Paratethys: The the Zsámbék Basin of Hungary. Sedimentology 56(6), 1728-1750.
Dunham, R.J., 1962. Classification of Carbonate Rocks According to depositional Texture. In: Classification of Carbonate Rocks. AAPG, p.108-121.
Ehrenberg, S.N., Pickard, N.A.H., Laursen, G.V., Monibi, S., Mossadegh, Z.K., Svana, T.A., Aqrawi, A.A.M., McArthur, J.M., Thirlwall, M.F., 2007. Strontium isotope stratigraphy of the Asmari Formation (Oligocene - lower Miocene), SW Iran. Journal of Petroleum Geology 30(2), 107–128.
Esteban, M., Braga, J.C., Martín, J., De Santisteban, C., 1996. An overview of Miocene reefs from Mediterranean areas: general trends and facies models Western Mediterranean reef complexes, Models for Carbonate Stratigraphy from Miocene Reef Complexes of Mediterranean Regions, Volume 5, SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology), p. 3–53.
Falcon, N.L., 1974. Southern Iran: Zagros Mountains, in A. Spencer, ed., Mesozoic-Cenozoic Orogenic Belts, Geological Society of London Special Publication 41, 199-211.
Farzipour-Saein, A., Yassaghi, A., Sherkati, S., Koyi, H., 2009. Basin evolution of the Lurestan region in the Zagros fold-and-thrust belt, Iran. Journal of Petroleum Geology 32, 5-19.
Flugel, E., 2010. Microfacies of Carbonate Rocks, Analysis, Interpretation and Application, Berlin, Springer-Verlag, p. 976.
Forkner, R.M., 2010. An integrated system for macro-scale anhydrite classification. Geology Quarterly 54, 423–430.
Gebhardt, H., 2003. Palaeobiogeography of Late Oligocene to Early Miocene Central European Ostracoda and Foraminifera: progressive isolation of the Mainz Basin, northern Upper Rhine Graben and Hanau Basin/Wetterau. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 201(3-4), 343-354.
Heydari, E., Hassanzadeh, J., Wade, W.J., Ghazi, A.M., 2003. Permian-Triassic boundary interval in the Abadeh section of Iran with implications for mass extiontion. Part 1. Sedimentology: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 193, 405-423.
James, G.A., Wynd, J.G., 1965. Nomenclature of Iranian Oil Agreement area. AAPG Bulletin 49(12), 2182-2245.
Kamalifar, F., Aleali, M., Ahmadi, V., Mirzaiee, A., 2020. Facies distribution, paleoenvironment and sequence stratigraphy model of the Oligo-Miocene Asmari Formation (Fars Province, south of Iran). Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 29(4).
Katz, M.E., Miller, K.G., Wright, J.D., Wade, B.S., Browning, J.V., Cramer, B.S., Rosenthal, Y., 2008. Stepwise transition from the Eocene greenhouse to the Oligocene icehouse. Nature Geoscience 1(5), 329-334.
Kennard, J.M., James, N.P., 1986. Thrombolites andstromatolites; two distinct types of microbial structures. Palaios1(5), 492-503.
Lees, G.M., 1933. Reservoir rocks of Persian oil fields. A.P.G. Bultein, p. 229-240.
Logan, B., Rezak, R., Ginsburg, R., 1964. Classification and environmental significance of algal stromatolites. The Journal of Geology 72(1), 68-83.
Lorestani, M., Kangazian, A., Safari, A., Noura, M.R., Nasehi, E., 2016. Microfacies, Sedimentary Environment and Sequence Stratigraphy of the Asmari Formation in Masjed-I-Soleyman Oil Field, Khuzestan Provience, Southwest Iran. Open Journal of Geology 6, 840-851.
Melvin, J.L., 1991. Evaporates, Petroleum and Mineral Resources, Elsevier Science Publishing Company, p. 556.
Miller, K.G., Kominz, M.A., Browning, J.V., Wright, J.D., Mountain, G.S., Katz, M.E., Sugarman, P.J., Cramer, B.S., Christie-Blick, N., Pekar, S.F., 2005. The phanerozoic record of global sea-level change. Science 310, 1293-1298.
Motiei, H., 1993. Iran Geology: Zagros Stratigraphy, Geological Survey of Iran Publications, 536 p.
Pickard, N.A.H., 1996. Evidence for microbial influence on the development of Lower Carboniferous buildups, Geological Society, London, Special Publications 107(1), 65-82.
Pope, M.C., Grotzinger, J.P., Schreiber, B.C., 2000. Evaporitic Subtidal Stromatolites Produced by in situ Precipitation: Textures, Facies Associations, and Temporal Significance. Journal of Sedimentary Research  70(5), 1139-1151.
Pratt, B.R., 1982. Stromatolitic framework of carbonate mud-mounds. Journal of Sedimentary Research 52(4), 1203-1227.
Rahmani, A., 2011. Stratigraphy of Asmari Formation in Bangestan and Khoy Anticlines and Persian Oil Field, PhD Thesis, University of Isfahan, 250 p.
Rahmani, A., Vaziri-Moghaddam, H., Taheri, A., Ghabeishavi, A., 2009. A model for the paleoenvironmental distribution of larger foraminifera of Oligocene–Miocene carbonate rocks at Khaviz Anticline, Zagros Basin, SW Iran: Historical Biology. An International Journal of Paleobiology 21(3), 215–227.
Rahmani, S., Rafiei, B., 2019. Depositional environments and the extension of Basal Anhydrite evaporitic facies of the Asmari Formation in ‎the Dezful Embayment and surrounding areas, SW Iran. Journal of Geoscience 29(113), 101-114.
Richardsons, P.K., 1924. The geology and oil measures of south-west  Persia. Journal of Petroleum Science and Technology 43, 259-283.
Riding, R., 2008. Abiogenic, microbial and hybrid authigenic carbonate crusts: Components of Precambrian stromatolites. Geologia Croatica 61(2-3) 73-103.
Rouchy, J.M., Bernet-Rollands, M.C., Maurin., 1994. Descriptive Petrography of Evaporites; Application in the field, Subsurface and the Laboratory, Evaporite sequences in Petroleum Exploration. Geological Methods, Editions Technique 1, 71-123.
Sepehr, M., Cosgrove, J.W., 2004. Structural framework of the Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt, Iran: Marine and Petroleum Geology 21(7), 829-843.
Sepehr, M., Cosgrove, J.W., 2007. The role of major fault zones in controlling the geometry and spatial organization of structures in the Zagros Fold–Thrust Belt, Geological Society, London, Special Publications 272, 419-436.
Seyrafian, A., 2006. Facies of Asmari Formation in Central Zagros Heights (Shahrekord, Izeh, Beldachi and South of Yasuj, Research Deputy of National Iranian Oil Company, 779 p.
Seyrafian, A., Vaziri-Moghaddam, H., Arzani, N., Taheri, A., 2011. Facies analysis of the Asmari Formation in central and north-central Zagros basin, southwest Iran: Biostratigraphy, paleoecology and diagenesis. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 28(3), 439-458.
Shabafrooz, R., Mahboubi, A., Vaziri-Moghaddam, H., Ghabeishavi, A., Moussavi-Harami, R., 2015a. Depositional architecture and sequence stratigraphy of the Oligo–Miocene Asmari platform; Southeastern Izeh Zone, Zagros Basin, Iran. Facies 61(1), 1-32.
Shabafrooz, R., Mahboubi, A., Vaziri-Moghaddam, H., Moussavi-Harami, R., Ghabeishavi, A., Al-Aasm, I. S., 2015b. Facies analysis and carbonate ramp evolution of Oligo-Miocene Asmari Formation in the Gachsaran and Bibi-Hakimeh oilfields and the nearby Mish anticline, Zagros Basin, Iran. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie – Abhandlungen 276(1), 121-146.
Sharland, P.R., Archer, R., Casey, D.M., Davies, R.B., Hall, S.H., Heward, A.P., Horbury, A.D., Simmon, M., D., 2001. Arabian Plate sequence stratigraphy, GeoArabia, Special Publication, Oriental Press, Manama Bahrain 2, 371p.
Sherkati, S., Letouzey, J., 2004.Variation of structural style and basin evolution in the central Zagros Izeh Zone and Dezful Embayment), Iran. Marine and Petroleum Geology 21, 535–554.
Sickel, W.A.V., Kominz, M.A., Miller, K.G., Browning, J.V., 2004. Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic sea-level estimates: backstripping analysis of borehole data, onshore New Jersey. Basin Research 16(4), 451-465.
Stonley, R., 1975. Asmari and younger Formations, Internal rport, Geological Survey of Iran.
Tütken, T., Vennemann, T.W., Janz, H., Heizmann, E.P.J., 2006. Palaeoenvironment and palaeoclimate of the Middle Miocene lake in the Steinheim basin, SW Germany: A reconstruction from C, O, and Sr isotopes of fossil remains. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 241, 457-491.
Van Buchem, F.S.P., Allan, T.L., Laursen, G.V., Lotfpour, M., Moallemi, A., Monibi, S., Motiei, H., Pickard N.A.H., Tahmasbi, A.R., Vedrenne, V., Vincent, B., 2010. Regional stratigraphic architecture and reservoirtypes of the Oligo-Miocene deposits in the DezfulEmbayment (Asmari and Pabdeh Formations) SW Iran. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 329(1), 219–263.
Van Buchem, F., Razin, P., Homewood, P.W., Heiko Osterdoom, W., Philip, J., 2002. Stratigraphic organization of carbonate ramps and organic rich intrashelf basin: Natih Formation (Middle cretaceous) of northern Oman. A.A.P.G. Bulltein 86, 21-53.
Vaziri-Moghaddam, H., Seyrafian, A., Taheri, A., Motiei, H., 2010. Oligocene-Miocene ramp system (Asmari Formation) in the NW of the Zagros basin, Iran: microfacies, paleoenvironment and depositional sequence. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 27(1), 56–71.
Warren, J.K., 2016. Evaporites: A Geological Compendium, Springer, London, p.1822.
Wilson, J. L., 1975. Carbonate Facies in Geologic History, New York, Springer-Verlag, p.471.
Zabihi Zoeram, F., Vahidinia, M., Mahboubi, A., Amiri Bakhtiar, H., 2013. Facies analysis and sequence stratigraphy of the Asmari Formation in the northern area of Dezful Embayment, south-west Iran. Studia UBB Geologia 58(1), 45-56.
Zachos, J., Pagani, H., Sloan, L., Thomas, E., Billups, K., 2001. Trends, rhythms, and aberrations in global climate 65 Ma to present. Science 292, 686-693.