Geochemical and reservoir continuity assessment of Asmari and Bangestan reservoirs oils in Dehluran oilfield, North Dezful Embayment, SW Iran

Authors

1 Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran

2 Deputy of Development and Engineering, National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC), Tehran, Iran

3 Geochemistry Department, Exploration Directorate, National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC), Tehran, Iran

Abstract

In the present study, a total of 4 oil samples were systematically selected from the Asmari and Bangestan reservoirs in Dehluran Oilfield for geochemical evaluation of hydrocarbon system based on geochemistry and oil fingerprints analyses (GC, GC-MS, HRGC and Carbon Isotopes analysis). An investigation on distribution pattern of normal alkanes along with characteristic biomarkers of the depositional environment and sedimentary facies indicated that, source rock of the studied hydrocarbons was deposited in a reducing aquatic environment with low input of terrigenous material and dominantly carbonate lithology derived from organic algal matter. Also, the studied oil samples exhibited low- moderate maturity. The isotopic and biomarker results indicated that all the oil accumulated in both reservoirs has generated from same petroleum system with probable age of Jurrasic-Lower Creataceous. The application of branched and cyclic compounds in light hydrocarbons (C5 – C11) and pressure data to evaluate lateral continuity of the Bangestan reservoir confirmed the discontinuity of well located in NW of oilfield. These evidences could be related to presence of a seal fault or permeability barriers. Also, the reservoir geochemistry and petroleum engineering data proved good vertical reservoir continuity between the Asmari and Bangestan reservoirs.

Keywords


Alizadeh, B., Maroufi, K., Fajrak., M., 2018. Hydrocarbon reserves of Gachsaran oilfields, SW Iran: Geochemical characteristics and origin. Marine and Petroleum Geology 92, 308-318.
Alizadeh, B., Sarafdokht, H., Rajabi, M., Opera, A., Janbaz., M., 2012. Organic geochemistry and petrography of Kazhdumi (Albian-Cenomanian) and Pabdeh (Paleogene) potential source rocks in southern part of the Dezful Embayment, Iran. Organic Geochemistry 49, 36-46.
Bordenave, M.L., Burwood, R., 1990. Source rock distribution and Maturation in the Zagros Orogenic Belt: Provenance of the Asmari and Bangestan reservoir oil accumulations. Organic Geochemistry 16, 369-387.
Bourbonniere, R.A., Meyers, P.A., 1996. Sedimentary geolipid records of historical changes in the watersheds and productivities of Lakes Ontario and Erie. Limnology and Oceanography 41, 352-359.
Chang A.F., Pashikanti, K., Liu, Y.A., 2012. Refinery Engineering: Integrated Process Modeling and Optimization, First Edition. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA. 56p.
Connan, J., Cassou, A.M., 1980. Properties of gases and petroleum liquids derived from terrestrial kerogen at various maturation levels. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 44, 1-23.
Curiale, J.A., 2002. A review of the occurences and causes of migration-contamination in crude oils. Organic Geochemistry 33, 1389-1400.
Danyluk, M., Galbraith, B., Omana, R., 1984. Towards definitions for heavy crude oil and tar sands, in Meyer, R.F., Wynn, J.C., and Olson, J.C., Eds., The future of heavy crude and tar sands: United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) Second International Conference, Caracas, Venezuela, February 7–17, p. 7–11.
Ekpo, B.O., Essien, N.E., Fubara, E.P., Ibok, U.J., Ukpabio, E., Wehner, H., 2013. Petroleum geochemistry of cretaceous outcrops from the calabar flank, South Eastern, Nigeria. Mar. Petroleum Geology 48, 171–185.
England, W.A., Muggeridge, A.H., Clifford, P.J., Tang, Z., 1995. Modelling density-driven mixing rates in petroleum reservoirs on geological time-scales, with application to the detection of barriers in the Forties Filed (UKCS). In: Cubbit, J.M., England, W.A. (Eds.), The Geochemistry of Reservoirs, Geological Society of London, U.K, p. 1185–1201.
Exploration Directorate, 1982. The Geology Study of Dehluran Oilfield, Internal Report, Report No. 3772.
Galimov, E.M., 1973. Carbon isotopes in oil and gas geology. Nedra Press, Moscow. Transl NASA TT F-682, Washington, DC.
Grantham, P.J., Wakefield, L. L., 1988. Variations in the sterane carbon number distributions of marine source rock derived crude oils through geological time. Organic Geochemistry 12, 293-304.
Gratzer, R., Bechtel, A., Sachesenhofer, R.F., Linzer, H.G., Reischenbacher, D., Schulz, H.M., 2011. Oil–oil and oil–source rock correlations in the Alpine Foreland basin of Austria: insights from biomarker and stable carbon isotope studies. Marine and Petroleum Geology 28, 1171–1186.
Holba, A.G., Ellis, L., Dzou, I.L., 2001. Extended tricyclic terpanes as age discriminators between Triassic, Early Jurassic and Middle-Late Jurassic oils. Presented at the 20th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry 10, 10-14.
Hughes, W.B., Holba, A.G., Dzou, L.I.P., 1995. The ratios of dibenzothiophene to phenanthrene and pristine to phytane as indicators of depositional environment and lithology of petroleum source rocks. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 59, 3581-3598.
Hunt, J.M., 1996. Petroleum Geochemistry and Geology, 2nd Edition. W.H. Freeman and Company, New York. 743 p.
Hwang, R.J., Ahmed., A. S., Moldowan, J.M., 1994. Oil Composition Variation and Reservoir Continuity: Unity Field, Sudan. Organic Geochemistry 21, 171-188.
Kamali, M.R., Ghorbani, B., 2006. Organic Gechemistry from Phytoplanktons to Oil Generation, Pars Arian Zamin Publications.
Kaufman, R.L., Ahmed, A.S., Elsinger, R.J., 1990. Gas Chromatography as a development and production tool for fingerprinting oils from individual reservoirs: applications in the Gulf of Mexico. In: Schumaker, D., Perkins, B.F. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 9th Annual Research Conference of the Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, p. 263–282.
Mackenzie, A.S., Hoffmann, C.F., Maxwell, J.R., 1981. Molecular parameters of maturation in the Toarcian shales, Paris Basin, France-III. Changes in aromatic steroid hydrocarbons. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 45, 1345-1355.
Moldowan, J.M., Huizinga, B.J., Dahl, J.E., Fago, F.J., Taylor, D.W., Hickey, L.J., 1994. The molecular fossil record of oleanane and its relationship to angiosperms. Science 265, 768-771.
Motiei, H., 1993. Iran Geology: Zagros Stratigraphy, Geological Survey of Iran Publications.
Ourisson, G., Albrecht, P., Rohmer, M., 1982. Predictive microbial biochemistry-From molecular fossils to prokaryotic membranes. Trends Biochemistry Sciences 7, 236-239.
Ourisson, G., Albrecht, P., Rohmer, M., 1984. The microbial origin of fossil fuels. Scientific American 251, 44-51.
Peters, K.E., Moldowan, J.M., 1993. The Biomarker Guide. Interpreting Molecular Fossils in Petroleum and Ancient Sediments, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
Peters, K.E., Walters, C.C., Moldowan, J.M., 2005. The Biomarker Guide, Cambridge University Press.
Powell, T.G., McKirdy, D.M., 1973. The effect of source material, rock type and diagenesis on the n-alkane content of sediments. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 37, 523-633.
Schoell, M., Teschner, M., Wehner, H., Durand, B., Oudin, J.L., 1981. Maturity related biomarker and stable isotope variation and their application to Oil/Source Rock Correlkation in the Mahakam Delta Kalimantan. Advance Organic Geochemistry, 156–163.
Seifert, W.K., Moldowan, J.M., 1980. The effect of thermal stress on source-rock qulity as measured by hopane stereochemistry. Physics and chemistry of the Earth 12, 229-237.
Sepehr, M., Cosgrove, J.W., 2004. Structural framework of the Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt, Iran. Marine and Petroleum Geology 21, 829-843.
Slentz, L.W., 1981. Geochemistry of reservoir fluids as unique approach to optimum reservoir. SPE #9582. In: Presented at Middle East Oil Technical Conference (Manama, Bahrain).
Smalley, P.C., Hale, N.A., 1996. Early Identification of Reservoir Compartmentalization by Combining a Range of Conventional and Novel Data Types, SPE Paper No. 30533.
Subroto, E.A., Alexander, R., Kagi, R.I., 1991. 30-Norhopanes: their occurrence in sediments and crude oils. Chemical Geology 93, 179-192.
Ten Haven, H.L., de Leeuw, J.W., Sinninghe Damste, J.S., Schenck, P.A., Palmer, S.E., Zumberge, J.E., 1988. Application of biological markers in the recognition of palaeo-hypersaline environments. In K. Kelts, A. Fleet, and M. Talbot (Eds.), Lacustrine Petroleum Source Rocks: Special Publication 40, Geological Society, p. 123-130.
Zumberge, J.E., Ramos, S., 1996. Classification of crude oils based on genetic origin using multivariate modeling techniques, 13th Australian Geological Convention, Canberra, Australia.