زمین‌شیمی، کانی‌شناسی و زایش کانسار آهن- مس درب بهشت، زیرپهنه دهج ـ ساردوئیه، کرمان

نویسندگان

1 گروه زمین‌شناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران

2 گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، ایران

چکیده

 کانسار آهن-مس درب بهشت در زیرپهنه دهج- ساردوئیه از کمان ماگمایی ارومیه-دختر در ناحیه کرمان واقع شده است. سنگ­های میزبان ­­کانسار درب بهشت به سن ائوسن، شامل تناوبی از­گدازه­ها (آندزیت، تراکی­آندریت، تراکی‌آندزیت-بازالت و بازالت) و مواد ­آذرآواری (انواع توف وآگلومرا) هستند. این سنگ­ها، بر اساس داده‌های زمین‌شیمیایی عناصر اصلی، کمیاب و عناصر نادر خاکی (REE)، شباهت زیادی به­گدازه­های کالک­آلکالن دارند. تمامی نمونه­ها دارای ماهیت متاآلومین تا پرآلومین هستند. غنی­شدگی عناصر ­لیتوفیل با شعاع ­یونی بالا (LILE) (Rb, Sr, K, U, Th، Pb و Ba) و LREE نسبت به عناصر با میدان پایداری بالا (HFSE) (Zr، Y، Ti و Nb) و HREE و نسبت­های بالای­K2O/Rb  وFeO/MgO  نشان‌دهنده پیدایش این سنگ­های آذرین در پهنه زمین‌ساختی وابسته به فرورانش حاشیه فعال قاره­ای است. سنگ­های­ آتشفشانی منطقه­ درب بهشت تحت تأثیر محلول­های گرمابی قرار­گرفته و دگرسان شده­اند، دگرسانی اسکارنی، اپیدوتی‌ و سیلیسی مهمترین نوع دگرسانی می­باشند. کانی­سازی آهن و مس در اثر عملکرد سیالات­گرمابی­ که در امتداد­ گسل­ها در­ حرکت بوده ایجاد شده است. ساخت و بافت ماده معدنی به صورت پرکننده فضای خالی، دانه‌پراکنده، رگه-رگچه‌ای و جانشینی است. محیط زمین­ساختی کانسار درب بهشت با توجه به بررسی‌های زمین‌شیمیایی صورت گرفته یک محیط کششی است که همزمان با رخداد فرورانش در پشت کمان زیرپهنه دهج-ساردوئیه تشکیل شده است. دو فاز مهم برای رخداد کانه‌زایی در این کانسار قابل جدایش است. فاز اول شامل فرآیندهایی است که سبب تشکیل مگنتیت در سنگ‌های آتشفشانی و آذرآواری شده و فاز دوم مربوط به ورود سیالات احیایی است که کانه‌زایی مس را به­ وجود آورده است.

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