Study of geotechnical properties of silty loess soil stabilized with lime and glass fiber

Authors

1 Department of Geology, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran

2 Department of Civil Engineering, Gonbad Kavoos Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gonbad Kavoos, Iran

3 Department of Civil Engineering, Shams Higher Education Institute, Gonbad Kavoos, Iran

4 Department of Civil Engineering, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran

Abstract

In this study, lime and glass fibers were used to improve the silty loess soil. To achieve this, the silty loess soil was sampled from a region of Golestan province and transferred to the Soil Mechanics Laboratory of the Shams University of Gonbad-e-Kavos. Then, in order to compare soil stabilization and reinforcement, the effect of lime and glass fiber each individually and simultaneously on geotechnical characteristics of silty loess soil has been investigated. The percentages of mixing for lime is (0%, 4% and 8% of dry weight of soil) and glass fiber (0%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, 1.2%, 1.5% and 2% of dry weight of soil). The effect of mixing rate and different curing periods on the compaction behavior, compressive strength and shear strength of the samples have been investigated. The results of unconfined compressive strength tests showed that adding glass fiber to lime stabilized soil significantly increases the compressive strength of the samples and increases the strain of the rupture and also reduces the width of the cracks. In the direct shear test, it was observed that mixing the soil with lime and glass fibers increases the shear strength, increases displacement at failure, increases the friction angle of the soil and increases cohesion. Unconfined compression strength and direct shear tests showed that there is a fiber percentage that by increasing the fiber percentage from that, the strength decreases. This amount of fiber was obtained in most tests between 0.9 to 1.2% fibers.

Keywords


Abdi, M.R., Baharlooie Khayat, H., 2010. Study of the effects of combined use of polypropylene fiber and lime on the strength properties of kaolinite. 5th National Congress of Civil Engineering.
Akbari Garakani, A., Haeri, M., Desai, S.C.,  Seyed Ghafouri, M.H., 2019. Testing and Constitutive Modeling of Lime-Stabilized Collapsible Loess. II: Modeling and Validations. International Journal of Geomechanics 19, 43-53.
Al Aghbari, M.Y., 2005. Suitability of Desert sand cement mixes for base course in highway pavements. Electronic Journal of Geotechnical 10, 21–40.
Amini Varki, S., 2011. Investigating and identifying problematic soils and ways to deal with them. Fourth National Conference on Rebuilding and Preserving Durable Buildings.
Asna Ashari, M., Jafari, M., 2010. Unconfied compressive strength of clay-stabilized clay reinforced with polymeric fibers. 4th International Conference on Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics of Iran.
ASTM D2166., 2007. Standard Test Method for Unconfined Compressive Strength of Cohesive Soil, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM D3080., 2007. Standard Test Method for Direct Shear Test of Soils Under Consolidated Drained Conditions, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM D698, 2007. Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (400 12ft-lbf/ft3(600kN-m/m3)), ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
Bagherian, A., Janalizadeh, A., Hesami, Saeed., 2005. Application of rice husk ash in soil stabilization with lime. Second Congress of Civil Engineering.
Bahrami, K., Nikudel, M.R., Hafezi Moghadas, N., 2014. Investigation of geological engineering characteristics of loess soils north of kalaleh in golestan province with special attitude on colapsibility and erodibility. Quartly Iranian Journal of Geology 29, 21–34.
Behrouzsaroukolai, A., 2013. Investigation of behavioral and resistance properties of nano-stabilized loess Soils, case study of loess Gorgan. MS.C thesis in Civil Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology.
Enayat, M., Shoaie, G.R, Nikudel, M.R., 2018. Evaluation of collapsibility of loess deposits of Gharnaveh catchment in north of Kalale, Golestan province. Quarterly Journal of Iranian Asoociation of Engineering Geology 10, 29–41.
Gao, Y., Qian, H., Li, X., Chen, J., Jia, H., 2018. Effects of lime treatment on the hydraulic conductivityand microstructure of loess. Environmental Earth Sciences 77:529.
Gillman, G.P., Sumpters, E.A., 1986. Modification to the Compulsive Exchange Method for Measuring Exchange Characteristics of Soils. Australian Journal of soil Research 24(1), 61–66.
Hafezi Moghadas, N., Nikudel, M.R., Bahrami, K., 2011. Evaluation of collapsibility of loess deposits of Gharnaveh catchment in north of Kalale, Golestan province. Quarterly Journal of Iranian Asoociation of Engineering Geology 4, 39-46.
Janali Chubesti, A., Bagherpour, A., 2003. Stabilization of fine grains soils by adding microsilica with lime or cement. 6th International Conference on Civil Engineering.
Lashkaripour, G.R., Ghafoori, M., 2011. Engineering Geology Criteria for Evaluation and Classification of Loess in Golestan Province. Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research 23, 165–176.
Maher M.H., Gray D.H., 1990. Static response of sands reinforced with randomly distributed fibers. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 116, 1661–1677. 
Naderi, M.B., Bazyar, A.D, Roshan Zamir, M.A., 2011. Investigation of the effects of fibers and polymeric adhesives on soil mechanical properties. 6th National Congress of Civil Engineering.
Naji, S.A., 2002. The use of lime to stabilize granular volcanic ash material for road construction. Journal of Sciences and Technology 7, 115–123.
Pei, X.,  Zhang, F.,  Wub,  W., Liang, S., 2015. Physicochemical and index properties of loess stabilized with lime and fly ash piles. Applied Clay Science 114, 77–84.
Rezaei, H., Yazarloo, R., Amanzadeh, A., 2015. Investigation of the effect of nano-kaolinite on shear strength parameters of loess silty soil of Golestan province. Second International Conference on Cement and Concrete Industry Research and Second National Conference on Civil Engineering, Urban Development and Sustainable Development.
Sadek, S., Najjar, S., Abboud, A., 2013. Compressive Strength of Fiber Reinforced Lighty Cement Stabilized Sand. 18th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Paris.
Setayesh, A., 2017. Loose soils, Free Publications.
Tang, C.S., Shi, B., Gao, W., Chen, F., Cai, Y., 2007. Strength and mechanical behavior of short polypropylene fiber reinforced and cement stabilized clayey soil. Geotextiles and Geomembranes 25, 194–202.
Yi Cai, B.S., Charles, W.W.N., Chao-sheng, T., 2006. Effect of polypropylene fibre and lime admixture on engineering properties of clayey soil. Engineering Geology 87, 230–240.
Zhang, F., Pei, X., Yan, X., 2018. Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties of Lime-Treated Loess. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 36, 685–696.