ارزیابی آلودگی فلزات سنگین در رسوبات سطحی رودخانه کارون در محدوده ی شهر اهواز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجو/دانشگاه شهید چمران

2 عضو هیئت علمی/ دانشگاه شهید جمران

3 عضو هیئت علمی/ دانشگاه شهید چمران

چکیده

 بیشتر فلزات سنگین تأثیر منفی بر روی انسان و محیط زیست دارند. استفاده از کنترل فلزات در محیط اجازه می دهد تا برای بهبود کیفیت زندگی و شرایط محیطی اقدام کنید. به منظور استفاده از آلودگی رسوبات رودخانه کارون به فلزات سنگین ، 24 نمونه از رسوبات سطحی (5-0سانتیمتر) جمع آوری شد. غلظت فلزات سنگین (کروم ، مس ، روی ، سرب ، آرسنیک ، نیکل ، منگنز و آهن) بوسیله روشهای استاندارد (ICP-MS) مشخص شده است. به منظور بررسی آلودگی فلزات سنگین در رسوبات منطقه ، فاکتورآلودگی   ( C f ) و درجهآلودگی (C d ) محاسبه شدند. از معیار کیفی رسوب (SQGs) برای تعیین ریسک بوم شناخت فلزات سنگین استفاده شد. غلظت فلزات در رسوبات سطحی از 75/12 تا 25/47 ppm برای مس ، 96/3 تا 24 / 45ppm سرب ، 7 / 151- 9 / 30ppm برای روی ، 7 / 99- 8/50 ppm برای نیکل ، 9/4 - 6/2 ppm برای آرسنیک ، 3/59-7 / 35 ppm برای کروم ، 382 تا 493 ppm برای منگنز و 13200 تا 20000 ppm برای همیشه می باشد. نتایج نشان داد که غلظت نیکل در همه ایستگاهها بیش از سطح (PEL) و کروم در 92٪ از نمونه ها بیش از سطح  (TEL ) است . بیشترین میزان فاکتور آلودگی برای عناصر روی و بیشترین درجه آلودگی در منطقه نیوسایت (ایستگاه 16) ممکن است باشد. تجزیه و تحلیل آماری نشان داد که مس ، روی ، سرب ، ارتباط معنی داری با OC دارند و احتمالاً به طور جدی از فاضلاب خانگی و پساب صنعتی ساخته می شوند. در مقابل کروم و آرسنیک و نیکل با آهن و منگنز هم چنین شرایطی دارند که احتمال دارد از منابع طبیعی یا کشاورزی باشد. نتایج نشان دهنده آلودگی متوسط ​​رسوبات رودخانه است.
 

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